Pomfret Fish

Approximately 35 species of marine fishes, including the family Bramidae (of order Perciformes) and its representatives, can be found in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic oceans. Pomfret Fish refers to any of these marine creatures.

Pomfrets are included in a particular category of fishes, known as Perciforms.

Genus

This species of fish can be found in as many as eight genera. Of these, four of the major ones are:

• Brama
• Eumegistus
• Pterycombus
• Taractichthys

The Brama genus comprises of the highest number of Pomfrets. It consists of at least eight distinguished species of the fish.

Picture 1 – Pomfret Fish

Features

The chief physical features of these fishes are:

• Flat bodies
• Long, single dorsal fin (extending along the entire body)
• Deeply forked tails

These are bony fishes. Their body comprises of two nearly isolated fins that include:

• A dorsal fin near the head
• An anal fin near the tail

The dorsal fins are almost always bigger than the anal fins in size. In Pomfrets, these taper off to transform into the anal fin. This feature is unique to these fishes and is unlike other perciformes. In this type of fish, the crest of the dorsal fin often stretches back far towards its tail.

Habits

These fishes generally live in the lower columns as well as the surface of water. These move in large schools and do not shoal like mackerel or sardines.

Atlantic Pomfret

Whereas commercial fishing is concerned, the Atlantic Pomfret is the most important species of Pomfret. It is also known as Black Sea bream or Angel fish. The creature spends most of its life at a depth of about 1,000 meters (3,250 feet) and feeds on mollusks and smaller fishes. It can be found in different regions of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans.

Picture 2 – Atlantic Pomfret

The scientific name for this species of Pomfret is “Brama brama”. The fish is large in size and is found to grow up to 1 metre (3.3 ft) in length. It is a popular food item for people residing in China as well as other areas of south Asia.

Pacific Pomfret

These are deep-bodied fishes and consist of deeply forked tails. Young fishes of this species often vary considerably from adults in fin and body shape. Blunt-headed varieties of Pacific Pomfret (Brama japonica) can be found in large quantities throughout the north Pacific region.

Indian Pomfret

Pomfrets are one of the most popular items in the menu of Indians. These can be found almost everywhere in the tropical sea of the Indo-pacific area. The fish can be spotted all along the coast of the Indian subcontinent. However, it is mainly found in

• Gujrat
• Coasts of Bombay
• Orissa
• Eastern coast of lower West Bengal

The three species of Pomfret, which are mainly found in Indian waters, include:

• Parastromateus niger (Black pomfret)
• Pampus Sinesis (Grey pomfret)
• Pampus argentius (Sliver pomfret)

The Silver Pomfret is the most common of these three species, followed by P.niger and P.chinensis. These are are commonly found on the west and east coasts of India.

Silver Pomfrets

This Pomfret variety is found in India and is scientifically known as “Pampus argentus”.. The fish first attains its maturity at 27-28 cm. It grows to a maximum size of about 33 cm. It spawns from October-December in the coasts of Mumbai. Young ones of this species are found from January to March in the inshore areas. Elder varieties are generally caught between April and June.

Picture 3 – Pomfret Fish Picture

This fish is identified by its unique physical features like:

• More or less rhomboidal shape
• A blunt nose
• A long, single dorsal fin
• A caudal fin with long lobes
• Pointed and highly extended lower caudal lobes

As the fishes grow older, their lobes shorten in length. Adults of this variety are silvery white in color and have tiny silvery scales on their body. However, they turn black in appearance when approximately five to eight centimetres in size. On an average, a fish of this type weighs about one kilogram and is nearly thirty centimeters long. The largest Silver Pomfret was found to be two kilograms in weight and having an approximate length of forty centimeters. This is an offshore creature and usually prefers to live at a depth of 20-40 fathoms. It exists in the middle column of water but closer to the bottom.

Grey pomfret

It is larger, heavier and broader in size than the silver variety and consists of shorter caudal lobes. As the name indicates, it is grayish in color. It is more commonly found in the Gulf of Kutch than in the southern regions.

Black pomfret

Picture 4 – Black pomfret

It is larger in size and more elongated than the silver variety. The largest of these fishes are sixty centimetres long and weigh five kilograms. Contrary to its name, it is actually dark grey in appearance. It has a slender tail region (caudal peduncle) which is hard and covered with scutes or thick scales.

What Does the Pomfret Fish Eat?

This seem to be a mid- water species which lives at a great depth during the earlier stages of life. Young fishes of this species mainly feed on small crustaceans, such as Lucifer and Acetes. In mature stages, the fish changes its habitat. Older fishes primarily feed on

• Macro zooplankton
• Salpids
• Hydromedusae

The switch of habitat is supposed to be one of the reasons for the change in food habits of this creature.

Nutritional Value of Pomfret Fish

The nutritional value in per 100 gms of Pomfret fish is stated below:

• Calories – 102 (428Kilojoules)
• Cholesterol – 24mg
• Total oil (fat) – 1. 2g
• Saturated fat – 31% of total fat
• Monounsaturated fat – 38% of total fat
• Polyunsaturated fat – 31% of total fat
• Omega-6, AA – 15mg
• Omega-3, EPA – 23mg
• Omega-3, DHA – 197mg

Silver Pomfret Nutritional Value

The nutritional value of Silver Pomfret, as in 100 gms of it, is given below:

• Water- 70.8 g
• Protein – 17.1 g
• Lipid – 10.9 g
• Ash – 1.2 g

Interesting Facts

Know about some interesting facts associated with this species of fish.

• Some species of this fish are also referred to as “Monchong”, particularly in Hawaii.
• Grey Pomfrets have more commercial demand than Silver Pomfret.
• Pomfret was earlier known as “Pamflet”, which is supposed to have originated from the Portugese word “Pampo”.

Pictures

Here are some images of Pomfret Fish:

Picture 5 – Pomfret Fish Image

Picture 6 – Pomfret Fish Photo